The town of Beer is situated within Lyme
Bay, South Devon; between Branscombe to the west & Seaton to the
east. The
origin of the name of Beer is uncertain and various theories have
been put forward as to its origin:
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Bearu - Saxon for "Wood" Byr -
Norse for "farmstead" Bere - Anglo-Saxon for "barley" |
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The Saxon version has been given
as "Beerham" or "Berham". |
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In Norman times the name was
spelt "Bera" as it appears in the Domesday Book. |
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In a petition sent to parliament
in 1698 appealing against the repeal of the 1697 Act granting
English lace makers protection from foreign competition, Beer is
referred to as Beare. |
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King HenryVIII's antiquarian,
John Leland, referred to the village as Brereworde when he was
travelling the country in the 16th century collecting historical
and geographical data. Other variations that appear through
the years are Bereword, Bere, Ber. |
The small cove and shingle beach at
Beer is bounded by majestic white cliffs and a small breakwater to
the east, At low tide there are many rock pools to the east around
the breakwater, providing many hours of enjoyment for children (and
adults!)
Pleasure boats & fishing trips
operate from the beach at Beer during the summer season, boats may
also be hired from the beach and provide an ideal way to appreciate
the coastline from a different perspective.
The town of Beer is stepped in
maritime and fishing history and was home to one of the most
notorious smugglers; Jack Rattenbury who was born in 1778. Beer
Quarry caves just outside the town are reputed to be just one of the
many places used to store such contraband in years gone by and many
a rumour exists of secret tunnels from the caves down to the sea. On
a guided tour of these cool, dark caves it is quite easy to imagine
their involvement in smuggling.
Other Local History
The Manor Before the
Norman Conquest the manor belonged to the abbey of Horton, which was
annexed in 1122 with all its possessions to the Abbey of Sherborne.
What is now the Common Lane allotments was once the Vineyards where
the abbots grew vines for making wine.
After the dissolution, King Henry
VIII included it in the dowry of Catherine Parr. Later the manor
was sold to the Hassard family of Lyme Regis who sold the estate to
John Starr of Beer in 1550. A part of the manor was afterwards sold
to the father of Sir William Pole, the historian, who himself sold
it to John Walrond of Bovey, who, around 1630 , became owner of the
whole of the manor.
Judith Maria, the heiress of the
Walronds married Lord John Rolle in 1778 when the manor became the
property of the Rolle's. Lord John married a second time, in 1822,
to Louisa Barbara Clinton. On the death of Lord Rolle, the estate
passed to the nephew of his second wife, Mark Clinton, who changed
his name to Mark Rolle.
In 1820 the almshouses were built
and the school in Beer was founded under a Trust set up by Lord
Rolle in memory of his wife, Judith Maria who had died the previous
year. The Trust also provided a pension for the poor who were to
live in the almshouses.
The
Plague In the 17th
century, three-quarters of the population of Beer died in the
bubonic plague. As there was insufficient space in the chapel
graveyard, those killed by the plague were buried in a field at
Holyhead.
In the Church
there is a tablet which reads: "John, the fifth son of William
Starr, of Bere, gent., & Dorothy his wife, which died in the Plague,
was here buried. 1646.". This memorial was retained from the Chapel
previously on the site.
The
Pier According to
Leland, King Henry VIII's antiquarian, in the 16th century an
attempt was made to build a pier, but a storm smashed the pier to
pieces.
Wars -
Napoleonic Wars Two
thirty-pounders were sited on Gun Cliff. and another ten guns were
placed at Beer Head with a hut for the men that worked them. One
night part of the cliff at Beer Head fell away taking the ten guns
and hut with it. Fortunately nobody was on duty at the time. In
February 1918 a seaplane was stranded on the beach. In March 1918,
a French ship was torpedoed in the bay and 15 survivors landed on
Beer beach.
Spaniards To
neighbouring villages, residents of Beer, may sometimes be referred
to as Spaniards. Tradition has it that a Spanish vessel was wrecked
off the shore and that the crew settled in Beer which was thinly
populated owing to the plague. Whether the crew was from a ship of
the Spanish Armada or a merchant ship which was wrecked in Beer Cove
towards the end of the 17th century, is unclear.
Chapel
of Rest The Chapel
of Rest in the Clapps Lane graveyard was built in 1866.
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